Michael Shermer: Premoral Sentiments In Social Animals.
Barbara King argues that while primates may not possess morality in
the human sense, they do exhibit some traits that would have been
necessary for the evolution of morality. These traits include high
intelligence, a capacity for symbolic communication, a sense of social
norms, realization of "self", and a concept of continuity. Frans de Waal
and Barbara King both view human morality as having grown out of
primate sociality.
Many social animals such as primates, dolphins and
whales have shown to exhibit what Michael Shermer
refers to as premoral sentiments. According to Shermer, the following
characteristics are shared by humans and other social animals,
particularly the great apes:
attachment and bonding, cooperation and mutual aid, sympathy and
empathy, direct and indirect reciprocity, altruism and reciprocal
altruism, conflict resolution and peacemaking, deception and deception
detection, community concern and caring about what others think about
you, and awareness of and response to the social rules of the group.
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